A measles outbreak in Texas has shocked public health officials and residents alike, with the Texas Department of State Health Services (DSHS) confirming 48 cases as of February 14, 2025. This marks the state’s worst outbreak in nearly three decades. The outbreak is concentrated in Gaines County, with smaller clusters in Lynn, Terry, and Yoakum counties. With measles being one of the most contagious diseases, many Texans are wondering: Am I at risk? How can I protect myself and my family?
This article provides an in-depth guide to understanding the measles outbreak, its risks, and effective prevention measures.
What Is Measles & Why Is It Dangerous?
Measles is a highly contagious viral infection that spreads through coughing, sneezing, and close contact with infected individuals. The virus can linger in the air for up to two hours, making it incredibly easy to catch in shared spaces like schools, malls, and hospitals.
Symptoms of Measles
- High fever (up to 104°F)
- Cough, runny nose, red eyes
- Koplik spots (tiny white spots inside the mouth)
- Rash that starts on the face and spreads to the body
How Does Measles Spread?
A person with measles is contagious four days before the rash appears and four days after. The virus spreads:
- Through the air – When an infected person coughs or sneezes.
- By touching surfaces contaminated with the virus.
- Close contact – Sharing food, drinks, or being near an infected individual.
Why Is Texas Seeing a Measles Outbreak?
Health experts say that low vaccination rates are the primary reason for this outbreak. Many children and adults remain unvaccinated or under-vaccinated, making them vulnerable to infection.
Vaccine Hesitancy & Exemptions
- Texas has one of the highest rates of vaccine exemptions in the U.S.
- Misinformation about vaccines has led some parents to skip the MMR vaccine.
- Some adults wrongly assume they are already immune but lack documentation of vaccination.
High-Risk Groups
- Infants under 12 months (too young for routine MMR vaccine)
- Unvaccinated children & adults
- People with weakened immune systems
How to Protect Yourself & Your Family
1. Get the MMR Vaccine
The Measles-Mumps-Rubella (MMR) vaccine is the best protection against measles. The CDC recommends:
- First dose: at 12-15 months of age
- Second dose: at 4-6 years
- Unvaccinated teens/adults: Two doses 28 days apart
2. Recognize Symptoms Early
If you or a loved one develop fever, rash, or respiratory symptoms, seek immediate medical attention.
3. Avoid High-Risk Areas
- Crowded places (schools, daycare centers, malls)
- Hospitals & clinics (unless necessary)
- Public transportation during outbreaks
4. Practice Good Hygiene
- Wash hands frequently with soap
- Cover coughs & sneezes with a tissue or elbow
- Disinfect surfaces at home and work
5. Stay Home if Exposed
If you or your child are exposed to measles, quarantine for at least 21 days to prevent spreading the virus.
Measles Outbreak in Texas (FAQs)
1. How effective is the MMR vaccine?
The MMR vaccine is 97% effective after two doses. Even if you get measles after vaccination, the symptoms will be much milder.
2. Can adults get the measles vaccine?
Yes! Adults born after 1957 should get at least one dose if they are unsure of their immunity.
3. Is measles deadly?
Measles can cause serious complications, including pneumonia, brain swelling (encephalitis), and even death, especially in young children and immunocompromised individuals.
4. How long does the measles virus stay in the air?
Up to two hours in enclosed spaces after an infected person leaves.
